Wimax Interfaces Naming Convention

IP network interfaces are called as core interfaces,access interfaces or PE-CE interfaces. But in WIMAX, interfaces are named as depicted belows:-
1. R1 Interface:- This is actual wireless interface which connects Mobile Subscriber to BS(Base Station).
2. R2 Interface:- This is the logical interface with CSN(Core Service Network). In case of Mobile IP.
3. R3 Interface:- Interface between ASN(Access Service Network) and CSN(Core Service Network).All the radius messages are exchanged on this interface.
4. R4 Interface:- This is the logical interface between ASN-Gty(Access Service Network). This interface is used during handovers in romaing.

5. R5 Interface:- This is logical interface between Home CSN(Core Service Network). This is used during roaming scenarios.
6. R6 Interface:- This is the physical or logical interface between BS(Base Station) and ASN-Gty.
7. R7 Interface:- This is logical/physical interface between decision point and enforcement point. Both are the parts of ASN-Gty.
8. R8 Interface:- This is logical interface between BS(Base Station). This is used during handovers from one BS to another.


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Hack Twitter Password

Twitter is becoming a daily life part and before the start of any new work, we would like to post updates on twitter. Twitter is growing incredibly because it's easy to use and secure. Today after noon, when I was analyzing some of my yesterday pcap files and I was astonished to see that twitter is sending clear text password during change in profile setting. This could be a high alert flaw because without using keyword logger, I am loosing my password identity. On the same lan twitter hack could expose lot of username and passwords. I had captured the logs where in password field is colored with black and I could see it with my naked eyes because

it is in clear text format which is explicitly depicting that Twitter team is not using any encryption method during setting or profile updates.
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Wimax Architecture

Wimax is fully ip network which gives the last mile users to access internet at high speed. Wimax architecture consists of the following components:-
1. MS(Mobile Subscriber) or SS(Subscriber Station)
2. ASN (Access Service Network)
3. CSN (Core or connectivity Service Network)
MS or SS are used by the users to connect the VPN or Internet by using air interface. All the MS or SS connects to the BS(Base Station) and BS further connects to the ASN-Gty.
ASN network consists of Base Stations and ASN-Gty(Access Service Network Gateway). BS are responsible for providing air interface to mobile subscribers to connect VPN or Internet. Apart from this BS manages the subscribers QOS policy enforcements, traffic classification, session managements and handovers during roaming.

ASN-Gty works as LNS(Layer 2 Network Server) server which aggregates all the layer 2 traffic and provides the connectivity to internet. A part from this it manages QOS profiles, keys management, radius client, mobility tunnels with base stations for roaming users. Allocates profile as Simple and Mobile ip communication for SS or MS and becomes foreign agent for them.

CNS consists of AAA, HA, VHR, OSS. It connects to the internet gateway to route the traffic in case of data network. If MS looks for voip calls in that case it also provides the connectivity to PSTN network.

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